滩海陆岸与陆上油气开发安全监管差异性分析
杨光胜 孙德坤 李勇
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DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-2970.2017.05.002
作者单位：中国石油天然气集团公司质量安全环保部
中文关键字：滩海陆岸；油气开发；安全监管；差异性分析
英文关键字：
中文摘要：滩海陆岸石油设施地处海岸线向海一侧，属于海洋工程项目，但是，由于其由路-桥（或漫水路）将人工岛与陆地连为一体，使得人工岛具备一定的陆地属性。因此，在滩海陆岸人工岛油气开发建设、生产运行过程中，生产安全监管标准一直是争论的焦点。从作业环境、设计标准、工艺技术等方面阐述了滩海陆岸油气开发工艺和作业环境特点，分析了滩海陆岸油气开发与陆上油气开发在安全生产监管方面的差异，进一步阐明了滩海陆岸油气开发安全监管标准应有别于陆上油气开发的观点，对滩海陆岸石油设施安全监管法规和标准制修订具有一定的指导作用。
英文摘要：Shallow
water and shoreline petroleum installations are located along coastlines to the
sea side and are belong to part of offshore engineering projects in nature.
However, because artificial islands are connected with the land via road and/or
bridge access (or road access over water), they also have some attributes of
onshore petroleum installations. Therefore, safety administration of production
is always a focus of disputation in development, construction and production
operations of artificial islands in shallow water and shoreline oil and gas
industry. This paper elaborates the features associated with development
technologies and operating environment of shallow water and shoreline oil and
gas installations in terms of operating environment, design standards,
processes and technologies. It also analyzes the differences in safety
administration between shallow water and shoreline oil and gas development and
onshore oil and gas development and also further points out that safety
administration of shallow water and shoreline oil and gas development should be
different from onshore oil and gas development and may help provide some
guidance for developing and/or revising regulations and standards applicable to
safety administration of shallow water and shoreline petroleum installations.